Heat Contamination of Ground Waters in Moscow

Abstract

Moscow is one of the largest cities of the world, occupying an area of 1081 square kilometer. Density of the population also is very high at about 10000 people per square kilometer. The infrastructure in the city is powerfully developed, however significant part of it is found in unsatisfactory condition. The majority of infrastructure objects promote heat contamination of the city environment. The significant share of the contamination occurs in the geological environment. The sources of the contamination are in the first queue water-caring communications, plants, heated buildings with greater heat losses, ponds and rivers in which heat regime is changed etc.
The result of hot water leakage from underground water-caring communications, in particular, is a change of the thermal field of ground waters. The depth and periods of soil freezing in Moscow are also powerfully violated in contrast with background region. Influence of the heat contamination on hydrodynamic and temperature regimes of ground waters is researched in the article.