Geothermal Energy Direct Application in Industry in Europe

Abstract

Geothermal energy was used in industry since by the ancient Etruscans of northern Italy, which made decorative enamels from the boric acid deposited by the steam and hot water at Lardarello. The acid was first extracted commercially in 1818. It quickly became quite useful, and by 1835, nine factories has been constructed in the region. These uses of the resource were restricted to areas where the hot water or steam was easily accessible, so while it was marveled at, the concept did not become widespread. With modern technology, it is possible to use geothermal energy directly to heat living space and to provide heat for industrial processes. The harnessing of this energy requires only straightforward engineering practice, rather than some revolutionary major scientific discoveries. However, at least in Europe, this particular type of geothermal energy application is still very rare and limited in several countries.