Liquid-Vapor Partitioning in the System Na-H- Nh4, NH3 - Oh-Cl-h2o to 350 ?C

Abstract

The distribution of relatively nonvolatile solutes between liquid and vapor phases determines the equilibrium compositions of coexisting phases as functions of temperature, pressure, and the overall composition of the geothermal fluid. Solutes in steam which become concentrated on formation of condensates acid chlorides) may yield highly corrosive brines in geothermal systems, leading in extreme cases to removal of wells production. Measurements of the liquid-vapor phase distribution of a number of "nonvolatile" solutes over wide temperature ranges, coupled with existing information on hydrolysis and ionization equilibria in aqueous solution, make it possible to calculate equilibrium concentrations and of steam and liquid in geothermal steam systems, and can contribute to a more detailed description of steam and brine chemistry under reservoir and steam-cycle conditions.