An iwi-inspired system management plan for Tikitere geothermal system

Abstract

Work toward a Tikitere Geothermal System Management Plan (GSMP) is a forward-looking initiative by Ng?ti Rangiteaorere, working with Bay of Plenty Regional Council, with the intention any future use of the geothermal system is sustainable, addresses iwi, hap? and landowner aspirations, kaitiakitanga and the needs of future generations.
Tikitere occurs in a rural setting, north-east of Lake Rotorua, with surface thermal activity dominated by steaming ground, fumaroles and warm to vigorously boiling, steam-heated muddy pools. Geoscience investigations show the Tikitere geothermal system extends over ~10 km2.
Here, we set the stage for a collaborative approach to establishment of a GSMP, that is informed by traditional knowledge, scientific research and the aspirations of local communities. At its core is our goal to seek a balance of customary practices and environmental stewardship, ensuring the Tikitere geothermal system is managed holistically. Special attention is paid to integrating m?tauranga Maori, upholding kaitiakitanga and recognising the interconnectedness of land, water and people. Our proposed framework aims to provide clarity and adaptability for all stakeholders, supporting enduring benefits and responsible guardianship.
‘Hells Gate Geothermal Reserve and Spa’ is an internationally recognised tourist attraction. Its surface manifestations have been used for centuries by Maori for bathing, heating, mineral extraction and domestic use. The Tikitere geothermal system is not developed for electric power, industrial heat-utilisation or large-scale direct use, but is classified in the Bay of Plenty Regional Council Policy Statement (RPS) as ‘Group 3’, for conditional development.
Geothermal system management plans can take different forms. In this instance there is an opportunity to proactively develop a whole system approach, which can help guide future resource consenting and management decisions. While the final form of the GSMP is not yet determined, we aim it will accommodate system wide objectives, management of relationships, sound decision-making processes, effective monitoring and reporting frameworks.
Other issues for the Tikitere geothermal system are strategies to monitor system health and integrate Matauranga Maori to mitigate / avoid effects from any future fluid extraction or injection (including at hydrologically connected developments nearby), consistent with guiding principles and vision of Ngati Rangiteaorere.