Characterization of geothermal reservoirs is crucial for efficient heat recovery and representative numerical reservoir simulation. The applicable reservoir characterization techniques are pressure transient tests, stratigraphic maps, tracer tests, reservoir surveillance, seismic interpretation, outcrop analysis, well logs, and drilling mud loss data. These techniques provide crucial information about natural fractures in the reservoirs from millimeters to kilometers in length. The accuracy and detection limits of the characterization methods are critical for their applicability in geothermal reservoirs. Some of them are limited with wellbore diameters, while others might provide large-scale information about fractures. We present the theories, implementation, advantages, and drawbacks of the geothermal reservoir characterization techniques. This study aims to serve as guidance for geoscientists interesting in reservoir characterization. Field applications and the latest approaches are provided to increase the understanding of the subject.

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