The Streams of Alkaline Fluids, Controllable by Giant Gas-Rich Hydrothermal Systems (South Kamchatka)

Abstract

Researches are executed on example of Pauzhetka-Kambalny-Koshelevsky geothermal (ore) area – largest on Southern Kamchatka. The area represents the long-living volcanic and ore center. Large geothermal structures are formed in zones of a joint of regional tectonic blocks. Earlier we have shown that Koshelevsky volcanic structure contains the modern Giant Gas-Rich Hydrothermal system of vapor-dominated type. The system is comparable to the largest vapor-dominated geothermal deposits of the world: Geysers (USA), Larderello-Travale (Italy), Kakkonda and Matsukawa (Japan), Kamojang and Darajat (Indonesia), etc. Into structure of researched area enters also Kambalny volcanic ridge. Eruption of volcano Kambalny in 2017 has shown that in bowels of this geological-hydrogeological structure on depth of 5-6 km or more occur the modern gas-hydrothermal processes. Unloading of heat occurs under influence of deep alkaline fluid. Fluid contains connections of rare metals. Thus, some hydrothermal systems of Southern Kamchatka have a mantle thermal feed. This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 19-05-00102) and by Presidium of the Far East Branch of RAS (project no. 18-2-003).