Geothermal Direct Use in Iran: A Country Update

Abstract

TThis paper describes a summary of geothermal direct use activities in Iran with emphasis on its developments for 2015-2019. Iran has a broad mixture of low to medium enthalpy geothermal resources that are associated mainly with volcanic and sedimentary activities. In this paper, we present advancements for direct use application of geothermal hot springs with a wide range of temperature all-around of the country with most outstanding thermal manifestations, and geothermal heat pump installations capacity and operation in the country. Furthermore, the updated geothermal direct heat use capacity of the county is reported. The most promising activities are recreation and balneology and heat pump for heating and cooling. The total direct heat used capacity is 139.764 MW ( 1769.138 TJ/year) and the heat pump installed capacity is .3 MW (0.008 TJ/year).