The most prospective direction of utilization of thermal water heat is transformation of it in electric power. Existing geothermal electric power plants (GPP) are based in the most cases on natural vapour, obtained from fields in regions of modern volcanizm. But the potential of vapour fields in many countries is almost fully depleted. In Russia the works are carried out in construction of the first turn of Mutnovka GPP in Kamchatka with total capacity 200 MWt. Relative independence from consumers, economy of temperate power and special valuability of electrical power caused the prior development of GPP as the principal direction in geothermal resources development.

Enormous geothermal reserves with temperature 100-200 0C are consentrated in stratal hydrostatic head systems of sedimental basins. Characteristic peculiarities of thermal waters in stratal systems are high salinity, heightened gas content, tendency fo saline deposition when changing thermobar conditions and high corrosion activity to construction materials. Utilization of that kind recources for electrical power production connected with using of technology of two-contour GPP with low boiling working medium. Tnat GPP includes a geothermal circulating system (GCS), in confour of which thermal water circulates and a cycle of steam-turbine unit (STU), in which low boiling secondary heat-carrier circulates. Application of GPP of that sort permits to increase significantly number of regions, prospective for geothermal power engineering development. One of them the North Caucasus is, where Central, Kajasula fields in Stavropol Territory and Tarumovka, Kumukh, Jushnosukhokumsk, Jubileiny, Talovka fields in Daghestan are immediate.

The first in the world and unique in Russia two-contour experimental GPP on freon R-12 as a working medium was constructed in 1967 on Paratun geothermal field in Kamchatka. In 1974 this power plant was put out of action. In the late eighties the construction were initiate of Kajasula experimental GPP on freon R-12‚ in Stavropol Krai, territory which had been stopped owing to absence of financing.

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