Geothermal Resources Development in Indonesia

Abstract

Indonesia is a country that has a lot of geothermal resources. They are mainly distributed along the Indonesia Volcanic Belt, while others are also associated with non-volcanic environment (sedimentary or tectonic). As of December 2012, has been identified 299 geothermal locations with geothermal energy potential total of about 28,635 MWe consisting of 7,247 MWe Speculative Resources, 4,886 MWe Hypothetical Resources, 13,391 MWe Possible Reserves, 823 MWe Probable Reserves and 2,288 MWe of Proven Reserve. Currently, the total of issued geothermal working areas (WKP) are 58 WKP consisting of 19 existing WKP (pre-the Law No. 27/2003) with its total geothermal energy potential about 10,869 MWe and 39 new WKP (based on the law No. 27/2003) with total geothermal energy potential about 4,758 MWe. Indonesia has set a long-term policy for the development of geothermal energy, as embodied in the Geothermal Development Road Map 2004-2025. Indonesia has a target to develop geothermal energy around five percent of our national energy needs, or about 9,500 MWe generated by geothermal energy in 2025. Currently, Indonesia\'s geothermal energy produces only about 1,341 MWe, or less than 5% of the total resource potential of geothermal energy in Indonesia. Now, there are nine power plants in Indonesia that produce electricity from geothermal energy consists of 377 MWe in G. Salak, 200 MWe in Kamojang, 270 MWe in Darajat, 227 MWe in Wayang Windu, 60 MWe in Dieng, 80 in Lahendong, 12 MWe in Sibayak, 110 MWe in Ulubelu and 5 MWe in Ulumbu.