The Rise and Rise of Geothermal Heat Pumps in New Zealand

Abstract

Geothermal heat pumps (GHPs) are an established technology capable of delivering energy efficient heating and cooling utilising renewable geothermal energy from the ground, groundwater and surface water. GHPs have been gaining popularity globally with utilisation increasing over 2.5 times across about 30 countries between 2005 and 2010 (Lund et al, 2010). In New Zealand, the GHP market is in its infancy, but recent developments seek to accelerate growth in this area. The Geothermal Heat-pump Association of New Zealand (GHANZ) was established in 2012 under the New Zealand Geothermal Association. This industry group, comprising GHP suppliers, installers, designers, government agencies and private organisations, is working collaboratively to encourage growth and quality in the GHP market in New Zealand. Current initiatives include identifying barriers to uptake, encouraging quality assurance, development of promotional material, identifying improvements in the regulatory regime, involvement in the development of a joint Australia / New Zealand standard, enabling sector collaboration and improved communication. This paper details the nationwide availability of geothermal energy in New Zealand, as well as the expected growth in demand for residential and commercial heating and cooling. An overview of GHP technology is provided, with a summary of the barriers and success factors to increased uptake identified in New Zealand and from the successful Swedish experience. An overview of GHANZ is also presented, including current and future activities.