Geophysical Methods for Shallow Geothermal Exploration and Assessment of Sustainable Resource Utilisation - an Example from Awakeri, Whakatane

Abstract

Recent geophysical measurements, including Bouguer gravity, gradient-array resistivity (using an adaptation of the tensor bipole-dipole method), supported by a vertical electrical sounding, are used to construct a conceptual model of the low-temperature geothermal system at Awakeri Hot Springs. Historical discharge temperatures and flow rates of the hot springs and bores are compared with recent data to draw conclusions about the probable sustainable rate of abstraction. Geochemical and geological information are also integrated with these geophysical and hydrological data to produce an assessment of the resource that can assist with future well siting and resource management.