Lab Operations and Safety Plan
Matson Laboratory
Department: Geological & Environmental Sciences (GES)
Stanford University
Updated 7/8/2008 by Peter Jewett

1.0 Nature of Research

Dr. Matson research focuses on the effects of natural and anthropogenic disturbances on biogeochemical cycling and trace gas exchange in tropical ecosystems. Activities in the Matson Lab include: biochemical analyses of soil, plant, and water samples, trace gas analyses using gas chromatographic and chemo-luminescence methods, and trace gas modeling.

2.0 Key Personnel and Responsibilities, and Facilities

2.1 Key Personnel

Principal Investigator: Dr. Pamela Matson, Ph: 723-5720; EM: matson@stanford.edu.

Lab Manager: Peter Jewett (Room 359), Ph: 5-6813; EM: jewett@stanford.edu

Health and Safety Coordinator: Tom Koos (Mitchell, Dean's Office), Ph: 6-1002, EM: tkoos@stanford.edu

Safety, Human Resource and Facilities Officer (SHRFO): Felicia Morales (Dean's Office, Mitchell), Ph: 3-5490, EM: felicia@stanford.edu

2.2 Responsibilities of Key Laboratory Personnel

1) Oversee general laboratory operations
2) Provide a safe work environment
3) Confirm that all lab members and visitors receive appropriate University mandated training prior to begin working in the lab
4) Provide health and safety training specific to this laboratory (not included in the University Chemical Hygiene Plan)
5) Provide Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for routine and complex laboratory procedures to include health and safety considerations
6) Maintain a chemical inventory (by room) for the lab (updated annually at a minimum).

2.3 Facilities in Green Earth Science Building

Room 342: Matson/Dunbar Computer Lab
Room 352: Soil Prep Lab
Room 354: Wet Chemistry lab
Room 354B: Gas Chromatography Lab (GC Lab)
Room 355: Dr. Matson's Office
Room 357: Graduate Student Office
Room 359: Lab Manager/Lab Assistant Office
Room 366: Post Doc office

3.0 General Laboratory Operations

3.1 Conduct and Training

All laboratory users including students (graduate and undergraduate), staff, post docs, and visiting students and scientists from other Universities are expected to conduct themselves in accordance with the Stanford University safety policies and procedures including those set forth in this safety plan. Training received in other Stanford University departments may partially satisfy some requirements; the lab manager will evaluate individual cases. All training will be recorded on the Matson Lab's Employee/Student Training Documentation form and filed in the Training Notebook kept in Room 354 and copies will be sent to the SHRFO.

3.2 Stanford University Safety Training (Tiers I, II, and III)

3.2.1 Tier I: Introduction to Safety at Orientation.

This one-time training requirement is provided in session held at the start of each academic year. At other times during the school year, this requirement can be satisfied by reading and becoming familiar with the hard copies of the Dept. Environmental Health & Safety Training Manual (1997) (Introduction, Overview, Emergency Preparedness, and Chemical Safety).

3.2.2 Tier II: School of Earth Sciences Safety Training.

This training session is held at the start of each academic year. At other times during the school year this requirement can be satisfied by attending one of the Stanford School of Medicine Health and Safety Training sessions given monthly. (See the lab manager for additional info.) Tier II training is a one-time requirement, however, staff (full- and part-time) and students are encouraged to attend this training session on an annual basis.

3.2.3 Tier III: Job-specific Safety Training

In the Matson Lab job-specific safety training includes, but is not limited to the following: the current version of Stanford University safety policies and Safety Manual. See: http://www.stanford.edu/dept/EHS/. The Chemical Hygiene Plan at Stanford. See: http://www.stanford.edu/dept/EHS/prod/researchlab/chem/index.html. Matson Lab safety rules and guidelines included in the Matson Lab Safety Notebook in Room 354.Matson Lab standard operating procedures (SOPs) for methods of chemical analysis and use of equipment. Hazardous Chemical Waste Management Training Program CD-ROM (See the lab manager for the CD and setup instructions). Use of Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for proper handling and storage of all chemicals. (See http://goddard.stanford.edu/msds/) Special training videos such as laboratory safety, chemical safety, fire extinguisher, and compressed gas cylinder use. See http://www.stanford.edu/dept/EHS/ for additional information on training available through EH&S.

3.3 General Conduct, Health and Safety

Safety glasses are mandatory in the chemical laboratory, except when you are seated and working at a computer. Lab personnel are responsible for offering safety glasses to all guests when they enter the chemical laboratory. Personal protective gear such as chemical and/or impact resistant goggles, face shields, gloves, and lab coats must be worn as needed for safe operations (see specific equipment). Smoking is not permitted in the Green Earth Science building at any time. Eating and drinking are permitted only in designated office space in the laboratory. All laboratory users must wash hands following any chemical procedure and prior to eating to avoid ingestion of hazardous chemicals. EH&S provides proper handwashing techniques at http://www.stanford.edu/dept/EHS/prod/researchlab/lab/handwashing.html. As labeled, food may not be stored in laboratory refrigerators at any time. Food storage is permitted in the refrigerator located in the 3rd floor Janitor's closet. Shorts or open-toed shoes are not acceptable apparel in the laboratories when chemical analyses are in progress. Long-distance telephone use should be limited to business only or charged to a personal calling card. Access to the laboratories is restricted to persons who have been authorized by Dr. Matson or the lab manager and have fulfilled Stanford's lab safety training requirements. It is against lab policy to give out the lock codes to non- members without permission from the lab manager. The lab manager can issue "single use" codes to visitors and contractors. Undergraduate student assistants are not permitted to work with chemicals without immediate supervision. In general, all personnel should avoid working alone whenever possible, particularly when the work involves the handling of hazardous materials. Persons that must work alone should avoid particularly hazardous activities. If this is not possible, they should make sure that someone knows where and when they will be conducting such work.

4.0 Hazard Recognition and Equipment

Users with specific knowledge and experience with laboratory instrumentation and related hazards may use the EH&S risk assessment guidelines at: http://www.stanford.edu/dept/EHS/lab/risk.html. Other users should consult with the lab manager or contact EH&S (723-0448) for assistance. The lab manager with work with EH&S and other lab members to develop an SOP for each new procedure.


4.1 Laboratory fume hood (Rooms 354 and 342).

Users must confirm that the digital monitor located on the front of the hood shows an airflow rate of at least 100 cfm prior to using the hood. Paper flags are kept in place at all times to serve as gross indicators of airflow. Hood sashes must be kept at or below the levels marked, if the door is raised above the plastic stops the hood alarm will sound. The hood sash should be left closed when not in use.

4.2 Gas Chromatograph (Shimadzu GC-14A, Room 354B).

This GC is equipped with FID (with methanizer) and ECD (Ni63) detectors and is set up for analysis of N2O, CH4 and CO2. (See the Shimadzu and customized manuals). All users must complete the Radiation Safety Questionnaire provided by the lab's health physics officer. Users' names will be added to the Matson Lab CRA staff after they have successfully completed the questionnaire. Users should consult the Health-Physics site at http://www.stanford.edu/dept/EHS/prod/researchlab/radlaser/index.html. for additional information. Users must receive training from an authorized lab member and follow the guidelines set forth in the Shimadzu 14A Instruction Manual at all times. Safety glasses are required for operation of the GC, which will include handling of compressed gas cylinders, pressurized components of the GC, and syringes. The following compress gases are used with the GC: air and hydrogen (to fuel the flame ionization detector (FID)), and 95% argon/5% methane and nitrogen [carrier gases for the Ni63 electron capture detector (ECD)]. All of these gases are in storage group L (Non-Reactive Flammables and Combustibles, including Solvents) and so may be stored in close proximity to each other. The lab uses nitrous oxide (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0ppm, storage group E), carbon dioxide (499 ppm, storage group G), and methane (9.03 ppm, storage group L) high purity standards in Scotty II (14L) disposable cylinders. B-D 22 gauge needles used for injection of gas samples should be collected in a puncture-proof container and disposed of in the trash. If needles are biologically contaminated they should be collected in red biohazard molded plastic containers and disposed of in accordance with EH&S bio-safety guidelines biological hazardous waste. For additional information see: http://www.stanford.edu/dept/EHS/prod/researchlab/bio/index.html and http://www.stanford.edu/dept/EHS/prod/enviro/waste/index.html. The Shimadzu EZChrome data collection system is run on a Dell Optiplex Gxi 233Mhz computer.

4.3 Acid Block Digestor (SI Scientific AIM500, Room 354).

This instrument must be operated in the fume hood and all users must sign the instrument log. Full-face shield, goggles, acid-resistant gloves, lab coat, long pants, closed-toe shoes, and corrosive resistant apron must be worn when concentrated acid and other concentrated corrosive chemicals are used. Goggles that fit over prescription glasses are available. Refer to the TN/TP Copper Sulfate Acid Digest SOP for detailed information.

4.4 Pipettes (Finntip and Pipetman, Rooms 354 and 352).

Users should always begin by checking the date that the pipette was last calibrated, and notify the lab manager if calibration is out of date. Matson pipettes are calibrated by Scientific Instrumentation Services (Contact: Jeff Shipley, Phone: 510-869-5510) every six months. Pipettes should always be handled with care and kept in the pipette rack when not in use. (see Pipette SOP). Note that some pipettes are dedicated to specific projects and are not available for general use.

4.5 Continuous-Flow Autoanalyzer (Alpkem Flow Solution IV, Room 354).

An authorized lab member must train all users. Special permission is required to operate the Alpkem independently and during off-hours. As with any chemical procedure, the operator must be familiar with the MSDS's for all chemicals prior to use. Acids, bases, and other hazardous chemicals are commonly used with this instrument, e.g., the nitrate color reagent contains concentrated phosphoric acid and a known carcinogen, N-1- napthlethylamine. Operators must be certain that they are using the proper personal protection gear prior to beginning work (See the glove guide: http://www.stanford.edu/dept/EHS/prod/researchlab/lab/glove/index.html). The Alpkem SOP (AKA "Alpkem for Dummies") and user log book are kept on the shelf above the instrument. Please fill out the user log book each time the machine is operated or modified. Users must wear safety glasses while operating this instrument except when they are seated and using the computer. The flow solution IV data collection software is run on a HP Vectra VL7 computer with a serial printer (HP 692C). For more detailed information, see the Alpkem Flow IV SOP.

4.6 Lab Forced-Air Ovens (Fisher Isotemp, Room 352).

These ovens have a maximum temperature of 325_C. Users should always be certain that the oven door is securely closed before leaving the oven unattended, and wear heat-resistant gloves as needed. The oven manuals are kept in a drawer in the counter opposite the ovens. The ovens are usually set at 65_C (Oven#1) and 105_C (Oven#2). Users must confirm that the oven is empty before changing the temperature, and then record their name, date, temperature, drying time required, and sample type in the oven log.

4.7 Lab Incubator (Fisher Isotemp, Room 352).

This is a bench-top model incubator with two shelves and range of 30 - 75_C. The incubator manual is kept in a drawer under the counter opposite the ovens in Room 352. Users must record their name, the date, the temperature, incubation time required, and sample type on the incubator log.

4.8 Centrifuge (Beckman, Room 354).

Operator must review the Beckman manual, including the "Chemical Resistance for Spinco Division Products" guidelines on chemical and container compatibility, prior to operation of this instrument. The chemical resistance guidelines provide information on whether or not it is safe to cap a tube containing certain chemicals. This is extremely important! For example, centrifuging capped chloroform will result in pressure release of chloroform. Users must make sure that tubes are balanced, they fit securely in the wells (holders), and the full height of the tube is secured. Safety glasses must be worn during operation and users must never attempt to open the centrifuge during operation!

4.9 Balances (PR503, MT5, Room 354; Sartorius 8100, Room. 352).

Users must be trained by an authorized lab member and must follow the guidelines provided in the balance SOPs - Sartorius 8100, Mettler-Toledo PR503, Mettler-Toledo MT5. Weighing supplies are provided in the Room 354B in a drawer below MT5 balances. Additional Mettler guidelines are posted on the wall above the balances. Matson Lab balances are calibrated by Scientific Instrumentation Services (Contact: Jeff Shipley, 510-869-5510) every six months. Users should notify the lab manager if calibration is out of date. Balance specs are as follows: Mettler PR503 - Readability 0.001 g, Range 0-510 g, Repeatability 0.0005g; Mettler-Toledo MT5 - Readability 1 ug, Capacity 5100 mg, Repeatability 0.8ug for 0-2 g; Sartorius LP3200D - Readability 0.001/0.01 g, Capacity 1000/3200g (See Mettler and Sartorius manuals for more specs).

4.10 Dessicators (Plexiglas and glass).

Plexiglas desiccators should be kept securely closed to maximize Drierite (anhydrous calcium sulfate) life. The doors of these dessicators have a rubber seal, so they do not require use of vacuum grease. The glass dessicators should be kept adequately lubricated with vacuum grease (e.g., Dow Corning vacuum grease). Do not over grease! As a safety precaution, glass dessicators are taped to control contents and broken glass. A mixture of indicating and non-indicating Drierite is most commonly used as the desiccant. A blue color indicates that the material is dry; it turns pink as moisture is absorbed. To regenerate Drierite, oven dry at 218_C (425_F) for 1 hour. The manufacturer does not recommend regeneration more that once or twice. Never use a silicone-based sealant in place of a vacuum grease or lubricant. A sealant is an adhesive and will cement the lid to the base.

4.11 Spectrophotometer (Hitachi U-2000, Room 354).

This is a bench top UV/VIS spectrophotometer equipped with a sample sipper, which operates over a range of 200nm to 1000nm. The Plymovent snorkel exhaust above the Alpkem autoanalyzer can be extended and positioned over the spectrophotometer when acetone or other solvents are in use. (See manual in cabinet above unit).

4.12 Muffle Furnace (Thermolyne Type 6000 Furnace, Room 352).

Users must wear safety glasses and heat-resistant gloves, and use tongs when moving crucibles in and out of the furnace. Users also should confirm that the Plymovent snorkel exhaust is positioned directly above the furnace vent prior to use. Hot articles removed from the furnace should always be placed onto a concrete brick for cooling rather than directly onto the lab bench. The lab manager must be notified if furnace is to be left on overnight.

4.13 Grinding Mill (Spex Mixer Mill 8000, Room 352).

Users must be trained by an authorized lab member and follow the Spex Mixer Mill SOP. The manual and grinding supplies are kept in the cabinet above the grinder. Earplugs may be obtained from the Bio Stores if supplies are depleted.

4.14 Cutting Mill (Wiley Mill, Room 352).

All users receive training from an authorized lab member and follow the lab's Cutting Mill SOP. Grinding supplies are kept in the cabinet above the grinder. The lab has a vacuum cleaner dedicated to use with the grinders. Earplugs may be obtained from the Bio Stores if supplies are depleted.

4.15 pH Meter (Accumet Dual Channel pH/Ion/Conductivity Meter, Room 354).

Manuals are kept in the drawer to the left of the pH meter, along with the pH Meter SOP. Buffer solutions (pH 4, 7 and 10) and electrode-filling solutions are kept secondarily contained in the chemical storage cabinet above the meter. Electrodes for pH and conductivity are available for general use.

4.16 Hot/stir plates (Corning) and vortex mixers (Thermolyne MaxiPlus) (Rooms 352 and 354).

Always check to see if hotplate is cool before handling, and never remove the piece of red tape with the "Caution - HOT!" label. When using the vortex mixer, always point the opening of the test tube/container away from you or anyone else. All vortex mixing of corrosive liquids must be done in the hood, and user must wear a face shield, safety goggles, and the appropriate corrosive resistant gloves (Additional information on personal protective equipment can be found on the EH&S web site at: http://www.stanford.edu/dept/EHS/.

4.17 Sonicator (Neslab, Room 354).

This is a variable speed sonicator with a 2-gal capacity kept on the lab bench in Room 354. Users must confirm that the drain is securely closed prior to filling the sonicator with water, and must keep all portable electrical devices at a safe distance from the water bath. If materials are to be left in the sonicator for prolonged period, the cover should be left in place.

4.18 Platform Shaker (Lab-line Junior Orbital Shaker, Room 352).

This platform shaker can be operated on a lab bench or in a standard incubator. It has a 30"L x 18"W combination, and provides accurate regulation of shaker speed from 40 to 400 rpm displayed on an electronic tachometer. The timer is calibrated in minutes and can be set for continuous operation or for timed shaking up to 60 minutes. The combination platform can hold clamps ranging from 10mL to 6000 mL. The Matson Lab currently has the platform setup with 125mL clamps. Users must make sure that the platform set screws are tightened and the clamps secure, prior to placing glass or plasticware into the clamps. It also must be confirmed that glass or plasticware fit securely in the clamps. Users must never leave unsecured glassware on the shaker.

4.19 Water Purification System (Barnstead E-pure 4-Module, Room 354).

This system produces up to 2 L/min of Type 1 reagent-grade bacteria-free water. The digital purity meter displays output water resistance form 0.01 to 18.3 megohm-cm with automatic temperature compensation to 25_C (77_F). The Matson Lab uses the pre-treated feed cartridge combination (Barnstead # D50228, Fisher #09-050-285) and a final filter (Barnstead #D3750, Fisher #09-034-145). Users should monitor the digital readout and change the cartridge set whenever it drops to 18 megohm-cm. Users must date and record all cartridge and final filter changes on the E-pure log (taped to side of hood adjacent to system). Users must be sure to include on the log confirmation that the new cartridge installation protocol was followed indicating that cartridge is ready to use.

4.20 Chemoluminescence Detector (Scintrex LMA-3, Room 352).

The Matson lab has two LMA-3 Luminox Monitors (also called a NOx boxes), which are used to measure NOx (NO and NO2) in the field using chemoluminescence. Currently, there is a NOx box at field sites in Magma Lab, Volcanoes National Park, HI and at Cimmyt in Cd. Obregon, Mexico. Drierite (anhydrous calcium sulfate) and Ascarite (sodium hydroxide coated silica) are used to clean outside air of moisture and carbon dioxide and NOx, respectively. We are currently considering a modification to the instrument with would re-circulate air in the measurement chamber eliminating the need for the Drierite and Ascarite inflow filters. Luminol II Solution (sodium sulfite, storage group G) is oxidized in the presence of NO2 producing chemoluminescence in the region of 425nm. A nitric oxide gas standard (high purity, 0.1 ppm, Size C cylinder, storage group E) is used to calibrate the NOx box. For detailed information on instrument specifications and operation, refer to the Scintrex manual and NOx Box SOP. Copies of both documents are kept in the lab SOP notebook as well as with the instrument.

4.21 Plant Canopy Analyzer (LI-COR LAI-2000, Rm. 352).

The LAI-2000 is a compact portable unit used to calculate Leaf Area Index (LAI) and other canopy structure attributes from radiation measurements. The unit is powered by six alkaline "D" batteries and includes communication software for IBM-compatible computers. Used batteries should be bagged, properly labeled, and disposed of as hazardous waste. Full documentation of operation of the LAI-2000 can be found in the LAI-2000 Manual and lab SOP kept in the instrument case. A copy of the LI-COR brochure and the lab SOP are kept on file in the lab protocol notebook.

4.22 Tucker Portable TDR (1502B, Rm. 354).

This instrument uses Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) to measure soil moisture based on the change in the dielectric constant of the soil with changes in soil moisture. The required equipment includes a cable tester, soil moisture probes and a computer to record the waveforms, analyze them, and save the soil moisture results. There is an option for a multiplexer and extension cables for automated multiple readings, but the Matson lab has only the basic unit. The portable TDR is stored at our lab in Volcanoes National Park, Hawaii.

4.23 Water Monitoring System (Solomat WP 4007 datalogger and 803PS multiprobe, Rm. 354).

This water quality monitoring system can be used to measure: temperature (_0.1_C), salinity (_ 0.01 ppt), pH (_ .04), turbidity, dissolved oxygen (_2%), depth (_0.1m), Chl a, and specific ions. We currently have temperature, salinity, pH, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, and depth probes. In addition to making spot measurements, the Solomat can be programmed to log data in the field for months at a time, which later can be downloaded to a PC. This equipment is owned and operated by John Harrison.

4.24 Total Organic Carbon Analyzer (Shimadzu TOC-5000A, Rm. 354B).

This analyzer measures total carbon, inorganic carbon and total organic carbon in solution. The sample is heated in a combustion tube, converting the organic or inorganic carbon to CO2. The CO2 then passes through a non-dispersive infrared gas analyzer for detection. Non-purgeable organic carbon can also be measured by a slightly different procedure where the sample is acidified and sparged, eliminating the inorganic component (as well as the purgeable organic carbon). The instrument is connected to an autosampler (ASI-5000A) and PC controlled by a Micron computer. All users must receive training from an authorized lab member before using this instrument. The TOC's SOP is located in a drawer to the left of the machine.

4.25 Freeze Dry System (Labconco Freezone 4.5, Rm. 354).

This instrument removes water from frozen materials by converting frozen water directly into its vapor without the intermediate formation of liquid water. All users must receive training from an authorized lab member and follow the freeze dryer's SOP located in the front of the user log. This instrument is owned jointly by the Paytan, Fendorf, Brown and Matson labs.

5.0 Handling of plasticware and glassware

5.1 Guidelines to Avoid contamination of plasticware, bags and gloves.

1) Minimize the time that packages are left open and always close with a twist tie or Ziplock.
2) Reclose secondary bags containing clean plastic bags immediately after use.
3) Do not reach into a box of new disposable gloves with a contaminated glove.
4) Be careful not to touch the inside of the tubes and underside of caps while handling digest tubes and solo cups regardless of whether or not you are wearing gloves.
5) Pipette tips are kept in original bags or clean Ziplock bags.
6) Minimize the time that pipette bags are kept open (Refill from large bag when empty).
7) Do not reach into pipette bag with your bare hand or a contaminated glove.
8) To avoid contamination, put pipette tips on by using the bag itself to hold a tip in the bag, while forcing it onto the pipette end.

5.2 Broken Glass Disposal

1) Carefully gather up broken glass using a dustpan and brush or other tool, and place in the designated "broken glass" buckets (Under the sink in Room 354). When the bucket is full, secure the lid on the full bucket, and carefully dispose of it in the building dumpster. Immediately replace the "broken glass" bucket with a new bucket and affix a proper label.
2) Never handle broken glass with your hands (bare or gloved).
3) If broken glass is contaminated with a chemical, it should be disposed of as solid hazardous waste. See hazardous waste disposal (Section 3.2).
4) Non-contaminated broken glass is periodically disposed of in a carefully sealed, clearly marked containers.

5.3 Glassware Washing Protocols

5.3.1 Citronox Acid-equivalent Wash (Secondarily contained under the sink in Rm. 352).

1) Rinse glassware with house DI H2O.
2) Soak glassware in the Epure H2O and "Citronox" soap; 15ml per 1L water) for 8 hours.
3) Following soak, scrub with dedicated brush to clean the sides and bottom of glassware, if necessary.
4) Rinse with house DI H2O until all soapsuds are gone. Rinse 10 times with Epure H2O (fill 1/4 - 1/3, swirl or shake, and pour out, repeat). Glassware is ready for immediate use.
5) Dry clean glassware upside down in dish rack, cap with foil or parafilm, and place in acid-washed cabinet. When removed from the cabinet for use, rinse glassware 3 times with Epure H2O.
6) Do not leave glassware in or on the sink before or after washing.
7) Remake Citronox bath monthly, or as required. Please label new bath with date made and your initials.
8) Dispose of leftover Citronox bath water as a hazardous liquid.

5.3.2 ACID BATH -15% (To prepare glassware for use within 1 hr)

1) If previously used, rinse glassware with house DI H2O, otherwise place directly into acid bath.
2) Soak glassware in the 15 % Hydrochloric Acid Bath for 1 hour.
3) Following soak, scrub with dedicated brush to clean the sides and bottom of glassware, if necessary.
4) Rinse 10 times with Epure H2O (fill 1/4 - 1/3, swirl or shake, and pour out, repeat). Glassware is ready for immediate use.
5) Remake acid bath as needed, e.g., "Dirty" acid will turn slightly yellow in color. Dispose of old bath as hazardous waste. Please label new bath properly and include the date made and your initials.

6.0 Chemical Safety

6.1 General Use

Chemicals are to be handled in accordance with guidelines provided by EH&S. All lab users are required to read and demonstrate knowledge of applicable safety policies and practices provided in the Stanford University Safety Manual and Chemical Hygiene Plan, and Matson Lab Safety Plan prior to working in the lab. The EH&S web site is: http://www.stanford.edu/dept/EHS/. All personnel are required to receive Tier I, II and, if applicable, Tier III training as defined in Section 3.2. Persons handling chemicals must have be familiar with the EH&S MSDS web site and have a working knowledge of the MSDS for each chemical used in an SOP prior to use.

6.2 Chemical Inventory and Storage

6.2.1 Chemical Inventory.

A complete chemical inventory is available at http://scims.stanford.edu/stanford. The chemical inventory is maintained in accordance with EH&S guidelines and includes a storage map. Chemicals that are new to the lab will be added to the lab inventory as they are received. (See chemical procurement Section 6.5).

6.2.2 Chemical Storage and Labeling

Chemicals are stored in accordance with EH&S guidelines using the Stanford Compatible Storage Group Chemical Classification System (See: http://www.stanford.edu/dept/EHS/prod/researchlab/lab/storage_group.html. Users must have a working knowledge of chemical compatibility storage groups and maintain proper segregation of incompatible chemical at all times. Storage group definitions are posted on the main chemical storage cabinets in Room 354. Chemicals are to be stored in original containers whenever possible. If transfer of a unused chemical to another container is unavoidable, the label on the new container should include the date of transfer, handling details, and all pertinent information from the original label, including hazard warnings. The Matson Lab chemical inventory and storage maps show a current list of chemicals and their exact storage location. The majority of the dry chemicals are stored in closed cabinets within chemical storage groups in Room 354 across from the 8-ft fume hood. Compressed gases are stored in Room 352 in accordance with EH&S specifications. Concentrated acids, bases, and solvents are stored with compatibles in secondary containers in the acid, base, and flammables cabinets, respectively. These cabinets are located beneath or immediately adjacent to the fume hoods in Rooms 352 and 354 (See chemical storage maps). Glacial acetic acid must be stored as a flammable chemical (Storage Group D). Secondary containers for caustics, corrosives or oxidizers must be the high-density polyethylene (Nalgene) type. Original containers should be dated and initialed when they are received and when they are first opened. All chemical solutions or mixtures in non-original containers must include name, date, and the concentration and/or amount of all ingredients (Abbreviation of chemical names, including water, is not permitted!). This includes all plastic solo cups, beakers, and other temporary containers however brief the use. Corrosive chemicals kept in the workspace must be secondarily contained. Always use a lab cart for transport of concentrated corrosive chemicals within the lab. Corrosive chemicals transported outside of the lab must be carried in the properly sealed chemical resistant secondary container. Lab personnel must wear the proper personal protection while transporting hazardous chemicals.

6.3 Hazardous Chemical Handling

6.3.1 Establishing the Proper Handling of a New Chemical.

Each time a chemical is added to the lab inventory it should be evaluated carefully and grouped according to EH&S guidelines. Users should consult the lab manager, and/or EH&S (723-0448) when there is a question about the correct group for a chemical, or if the degree of hazard is in question. The first step in determining whether or not a substance is hazardous should be to consult the EH&S non-hazardous waste list found at http://www.stanford.edu/dept/EHS/prod/enviro/waste/nohaz.html.

6.3.2 Proper Handling of Hazardous Chemicals

Since all new chemicals are classified and assigned a storage group when they are received, and an MSDS is printed and filed, it is easy for users to consult the current lab inventory and MSDS Notebook to obtain all pertinent information on a given chemical. MSDS's are also available on the EH&S online at: http://goddard.stanford.edu/msds/. As stated previously, no one is permitted to handle any hazardous chemical prior to becoming familiar with the MSDS for that chemical. Until the hazard associated with a chemical is clearly determined, the chemical should be considered to be hazardous and handled with extreme care.

6.3.3 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).

As stated above, safety glasses are required in the laboratory at all times except when seated at a computer station, and long pants and closed-toe shoes are to be worn whenever chemical work is in progress. A lab coat and the appropriate gloves should be worn whenever chemicals pose a skin contact hazard (See the glove guide: http://www.stanford.edu/dept/EHS/prod/researchlab/lab/glove/index.html). Lab coat sleeves should never be rolled up while chemical procedures are in progress. Chemical resistant goggles or face shields are also required when handling corrosives. Additional information on personal protective equipment can be found in the lab copy of the Stanford Safety Manual, Chapter 3.
6.3.4 Avoiding Contamination of Chemicals.

When working in the lab always avoid contamination of chemicals by closing all lids/twist ties and open bags immediately after use. This also keeps chemicals dry! When weighing chemicals, never pour excess chemical back into the original container, and always avoid putting a spatula into the original chemical container. Users should take the following precautions if use of a spatula is unavoidable.

1) Make sure that the spatula is clean (rinsed with a 15% hydrochloric acid solution followed by an E-pure water).
2) Dry the spatula using the compressed air tap in hood, not a paper towel.
3) Make sure that the tip does not come in contact with any surface prior to use.

6.3.5 Special Precautions for Weighing Hazardous Chemicals.

Special care should be taken while weighing extremely hazardous solids. Hazardous crystalline chemicals that have a coarse grain may be weighed outside of the fume hood, but should always be covered and transferred directly to the fume hood and used immediately. Hazardous powdered solids should always be weighed in the fume hood. A dust mask may be worn for extra protection against accidental. Non-hazardous powdered chemicals may pose an inhalation threat and therefore should be handled in the hood. If such materials must be handled outside of a hood, the transfer should be done in a well-ventilated area, and a disposable dust mask should be worn. Chemicals in weigh boats that are not used and rinsed immediately must be properly labeled! Hazardous liquids such as concentrated solvents, acids, and bases should always be handled in the fume hood. As stated above, use of a lab coat, long pants, close-toed shoes, corrosion-proof gloves and apron, a face shield, and goggles are mandatory for handling of concentrated corrosives. Please note that even trained personnel should avoid working alone when use of concentrated acids, bases and solvents is required.

6.4 Compressed Gases.

6.4.1 Safety and Handling Compressed Gas Cylinders (CGCs).

Compressed gases in portable cylinders are to be handled in accordance with EH&S Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety Guidelines. (See: http://www.stanford.edu/dept/EHS/prod/researchlab/lab/tgo/manual/05transportation.html). A hard copy of Compressed Gas Safety for Laboratories (IH report #98-080) is available in the Matson Lab safety notebook. Because of the potential danger associated with the handling of compressed gas cylinders, users should always be thoroughly prepared before beginning an activity and closely follow lab SOPs. New users will not be permitted to handle compressed cylinders until they have been properly trained by an authorized lab member. This training will include but not be limited to the EH&S Safety guidelines mentioned above. Users must wear safety glasses when handling gas cylinders of any size.

6.4.2 Compressed Gas Cylinder Storage.

All cylinders must be stored in a rack with metal restraints at 2/3 and 1/3 heights, or against a wall in a single row with metal chains at 2/3 and 1/3 heights. Table clamps do not satisfy earthquake safety standards and will not be used. Vendors will deliver new and pick up empty cylinders from the cylinder rack in the gas chromatography lab, Room 354B. The lab member that receives and signs for the cylinder must accept and use only CGCs that are properly labeled (contents identified and labeled on the shoulder), and always confirm that the delivery person has properly secured the cylinder and that it is leak-free. Never accept or use a leaking cylinder. If a gas is new to the lab, the user must obtain an MSDS and file it in the MSDS notebook Room. 354B. Cylinders should be stored in a well-ventilated area protected from external heat sources and highly combustible materials (20ft minimum). The cylinder storage location should be secure (access by trained personnel only) and should not be near lab access or exit points. As with all liquid and solid chemicals, compressed gases should be stored according to compatibility. The Matson Lab uses the following compressed gases in Size K cylinders: air, nitrogen, helium, hydrogen and argon 5% / methane 95% (Storage group L). The lab uses nitrous oxide (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 ppm, storage group E), carbon dioxide (499 ppm, storage group G), and methane (9.03 ppm, storage group L) high purity standards in Scotty II (14L) disposable cylinders.

6.4.3 Additional Compressed Gas Handling Guidelines.

1) Never remove the twist-off valve protector until the cylinder is properly secured in a rack designed for tank storage.

2) Always replace the twist-off valve protector after removing the regulator. Never move a cylinder without a valve protector securely in place.

3) Always use a cart designed for transporting gas cylinders to move cylinders around the lab.

4) Always assumed that any cylinder that is not labeled "empty" is full!

5) Always label a cylinder "empty" when it is changed out.

6) Never use a cylinder without a regulator.

7) Always make sure that you have the equipment specified for use with the contents of the cylinder. Never use "homemade" adaptors, and never tamper with existing valves or safety nuts.

8) Always open a cylinder only slightly to start gas flow and check for leaks before opening the main valve one full turn to start full pressure flow.

9) Never open the main valve all the way. The valve may stick open and make it difficult to determine whether the valve is open or closed.

10) Always make sure that the regulator is directed away from you or co-workers when turning it one full turn to start full pressure flow

11) Always close the main valve when work is finished, even if the regulator is left on.

12) Never empty a cylinder completely; leave cylinder with a slight positive pressure.

13) Never attempt to refill a cylinder.

14) Keep cylinders, valves, associated tubing and couplings free of oily or greasy substances.


6.5 Chemical Procurement

All chemicals ordered will be delivered to Bldg. 320, Room 118 or Green, Room 367, received in Green Room 354 and stored in Rooms 352, 354 or 354B. Compressed gases will be ordered by accounting and delivered directly to Green, Rm. 352. It is usually more cost effective to order chemicals from outside vendors rather than from Biology stores (basement Herrin Hall), http://www.stanford.edu/dept/BioSci/ or Chemistry Stores (Interim Chemistry Bldg. behind Mudd), so please plan ahead. Outside chemical orders should always include a request for an MSDS. Physics Stockroom 723-4361. When a chemical is received that is not already part of the current chemical inventory, the following four things must be done:

1) File the MSDS received with the item in the MSDS notebook in Room 354. If you did not receive an MSDS, you must obtain one from the online MSDS database (See: http://goddard.stanford.edu/msds/).
2) Obtain the Stanford Chemical number and storage group from the Chemical Safety database. See: http://www.chemtracker.com/servlet/chemsafe.lookup
3) Add the following information to the chemical inventory: CAS #, SU #, storage group, vendor, Catalog no. The chemical inventory is kept in the front of the MSDS Notebook in Room 354 (handwriting the information is ok). The chemical inventory will be periodically updated by the lab manager/assistant and annually updated with EH&S.
4) Write the storage group, date received, and your initials on the chemical container and place the chemical in the appropriate secondary container in a chemical storage cabinet. The bottle also should be dated and initialed when it is opened.

6.6 Hazardous Chemical Spills.

The EH&S Spill Control Team (725-9999) should be called for assistance with chemical spills if:

1) The spill is not contained in a secondary container or on a lab bench, and it's possible for the spill to enter a hood, sink or floor drain.
2) The spill cleanup can not be completed within 24 hours. Apply hazardous spill absorbent (MAGIC SORB) if safety permits. (Available beneath the counter opposite the fumehood in Room 354 for small spills).

In the event of such a spill:

1) Leave the contaminated area immediately.
2) Notify all co-workers.
3) Remain at a safe distance and prevent others from entering the area.
4) Be available to provide information to EH&S Spill Control Team.

It is not necessary to call EH&S if:

1) The chemical spill is less than 50 ML.
2) User is knowledgeable of the hazards and the material and it can be cleaned up using available spill cleanup supplies and personal protective equipment including appropriate gloves and eye protection.

In the event of minor spills (spills not requiring assistance from EH&S), Magic Sorb can be applied carefully and slowly to absorb the spill. This small amount of contaminated absorbent should then be treated as solid hazardous waste and disposed of, if compatible, in the 1-gal wide-mouth plastic waste containers. Always be sure to use a chemical resistant dustpan when cleaning up a corrosive liquid with Magic Sorb.

7.0 Hazardous Chemical Waste Management

Guidelines are given in the Stanford University Hazardous Chemical Waste Management Reference Guide For Laboratories (EH&S) and the Stanford University Hazardous Chemical Waste Management Training CD-ROM (See Tier III training in Section 3.2). See: http://www.stanford.edu/dept/EHS/. The EH&S Hazardous Waste Standard or Blanket Pickup Request form must be used for all disposal of hazardous chemicals. Matson Lab hazardous waste disposal guidelines and information are kept in the Hazardous Waste Management notebook in Room 354. Lab users can call the Hazardous Waste Manager (725-7520) for additional information regarding waste management. The first step in determining whether or not a substance is hazardous should be to consult the EH&S non-hazardous waste list (See: http://www.stanford.edu/dept/EHS/prod/enviro/waste/nohaz.html.

7.1 Basic Guidelines for Management of Hazardous Waste

1) Chemicals are considered hazardous waste when they are no longer intended for use.
2) Store chemical waste in leak-proof compatible properly labeled containers.
3) Affix a Hazardous Waste Tag to the container and carefully complete with all of the required information.
4) Store containers in compatible secondary containers of adequate size.
5) Segregate incompatible chemical waste.
6) Keep containers closed except when adding waste.
7) Hazardous waste must not be stored for more than nine months. Allow adequate time for processing of a pick up request!

8.0 Lab Inspection

Matson Lab personnel will conduct a laboratory health and safety self-inspection on a monthly basis. The inspection will be conducted using the General Lab Inspection Checklist provided by EH&S to assist faculty and staff in identifying and correcting laboratory hazards. Matson Lab members will sign up for this duty and complete inspections during the first week of each month. The volunteer inspector will be responsible for conducting an inspection using the EH&S form, identifying problems, and following up on corrections. Copies of all correspondence related to these inspections will be sent to the lab manager. Once the inspection is complete and all outstanding problems, if any, have been resolved, the inspector will sign off on the Lab Inspection sign up and record sheet. A copy of this sheet will be kept on file, along with completed inspection form, in the Matson Lab safety notebook. A copy of each completed inspection will be sent to the LSR.

9.0 Ergonomics

Stanford's EH&S has a site designed to educate people about ergonomics, and reduce the number of job-related injuries that are caused by poor ergonomics. The following paragraph was taken from the EH&S Ergonomics at Stanford web site: http://www.stanford.edu/dept/EHS/prod/general/ergo/index.html. "What is Ergonomics? Ergonomics is the study of the relationship between people, their work, and their physical work environment. The major goal of ergonomics is to optimize the work procedures/ practices and the work environment to allow employees to work at high levels of performance and efficiency while still maintaining physical and mental health." Matson Lab members are encouraged to visit this site and to use the self-evaluation check-sheet provided. Any problems resulting from this evaluation should be reported to the lab manager and Dr. Matson. Symptoms of an ergonomic injury may include reoccurring or continuous pain/ discomfort, redness and swelling, limited range of motion, numbness or tingling sensation, or decreasing hand grip strength. If you have suffered an ergonomic injury or if you have been suffering from early symptoms of ergonomic injury you should follow the following steps.

1) Report the signs, symptoms or injury to your supervisor
2) Report your signs, symptoms/ injury by filing forms: SU-17, DWC-1, and OSHA 5020.
3) Contact EH&S (5-3209) for appropriate follow-up (Taken from http://www.stanford.edu/dept/EHS/prod/general/ergo/suffer.html ).


10.0 Maintenance and Repair of Laboratory Equipment

The lab manager should be notified of laboratory and computer equipment problems and malfunctions. The PI or lab manager must approve all equipment repairs and/or returns.


11.0 General Laboratory and Office Access

11.1 Laboratory and Office Access for Lab Members

All Matson Lab members may access Room 352 (Soil Prep Lab), 354 (Chemical Lab), and 354B (GC Lab) at any time. All laboratory doors are to remain locked at all times. Access to Dr. Matson's office (Room 355) and lab manager/assistant's (Room 359) is also by permission only. The lab manager and assistant have keys to Dr. Matson's office; Dr. Matson has keys to all lab offices. It is recommended that all unattended offices be locked. If required, a master key for the Green Earth Science Bldg can be obtained from the staff in the GES Dept Office, (3-0847) or the LSR (3-5490).
Lab telephones are available for business use and local personal calls only. Users should use personal calling cards for personal long distance telephone calls. The portable phone provided in Room 354 is for use in Rooms 342, 354, 354B and 359 only. Telephone trouble should be reported to 3-1611 and to the lab manager.

11.2 Laboratory and Office Access for Non-Members

Access to laboratory facilities by non-lab members will be by permission only. Lock combinations are not to be given out to non-laboratory personnel under any circumstances. The lab manager can provide visitors or repair people with a "single use" combination as needed. All visitors must be provided with safety glasses upon entering the laboratory. Non-member telephone use should be restricted to business purposes only and all long distance call must be charged to calling cards, unless otherwise authorized. Lab telephones are available for business use and local personal calls only.

12.0 Access to Matson Laboratory Computers

12.1 Computers

The computers available for common use Rooms 342, 354 and 354B include two Power Macintosh G3s, and two Pentium II Windows 95 computers, and a Pentium III Windows NT computers (with a Hewlett Packard 6250 ScanJet scanner). The lab also has a Sun Ultra 60 Unix workstation (special permission required) and a Pentium III Windows NT machine (without scanner) scanner dedicated to GIS and image processing activities. Authorization from the lab manager is required for all software installation on lab computers. All computer and printer problems should be reported to the lab manager immediately. Network problems should be reported directly to GES Dept. computer support staff (725-9575) and the lab manager). Macintosh and PC problems should first be reported to the lab manager whenever possible. The lab manager must authorize all computer hardware repairs and maintenance. Computer support for Macintosh and IBM-compatible PC's is now available through Stanford Help Request System at: http://helpsu.stanford.edu/. In most cases, the lab manager will submit the HelpSU request and make the arrangements for an appointment with the computer technician.


12.2 Printers

Printers include an Epson Stylus 3000 (Inkjet color), an HP 4000TN (Laser B+W), and a Canon BJC-250 (Color bubble jet).


13.0 Emergency Procedures for Laboratory Accidents

13.1 Minor Injuries

First aid kits for minor injuries (such as surface cuts, abrasions) are kept just inside the doors to the hallway in Rooms 354 and 352. If there is any doubt about the severity of an injury, the injury should be treated a serious one. In the event of an accident which results in a serious injury, lab personnel will follow guidelines the Stanford University Injury, Illness Prevention Program's (IIPP) Guide to Accident/Illness Reporting at Stanford - Flow Chart. This flow chart is mounted on the wall adjacent to the telephone in Room 354 and above the first aid kit in Room 352. A copy of the Stanford University IIPP is kept in the blue IIPP OSHA 200 notebook in Room 354 adjacent to the hallway door. (See http://www.stanford.edu/dept/EHS/prod/mainrencon/occhealth/iipp/iipp.htm.


13.2 Quick Guidelines for Lab Accidents (See 13.3 below for accidents involving chemicals.)

1) Attend to injured or contaminated persons and remove them from further harm. Call 9 - 911 for Emergency Response OR call for a co-worker to do so if you are assisting the injured person.
2) Alert people in the immediate area to evacuate if necessary.
3) Have a person knowledgeable of the incident and laboratory operations remain near the scene to assist emergency personnel.
4) Complete an SU-17 and submit to risk management.


13.3 Additional Guidelines for Accidents Involving Chemicals

13.3.1 Chemical Contamination of the Eyes

1) Direct the injured person to the emergency eyewash and turn it on.
2) Tilt head down so that contaminated eye is lower than other eye to avoid contamination of the other eye.
3) Flush injured eye for at least 15 minutes or until emergency personnel take over.
4) Help keep the injured person calm.
5) Assist the injured person keep the contaminated eye open and centered in the water stream.
6) Compete an SU-17 and submit to risk management.

13.3.2 Chemical Contamination Involving the Body

1) Direct the contaminated person to the shower.
2) Turn the shower on.
3) Help with the removal of clothing from contaminated area of body. This is critical to get maximum benefit from the shower and avoid further damage from chemical contaminated clothing.
4) Assist the injured person in remaining calm. It may help to clear the room of unnecessary personnel.
5) Assist in maintaining the contaminated portion of their body directly under the water for at least 15 minutes or until emergency personnel take over.
6) Complete a SU-17 and submit to risk management.

13.3.3 Special Notes for Accidents

Actual order of events in an emergency response will depend on the circumstances. In the event of multiple injuries personnel assisting injured persons should attempt to identify the most serious injuries and prioritize their efforts accordingly.


14.0 Procedure for a Large Scale Emergency

In the event of large-scale emergency, lab personnel will follow the Stanford University Emergency Plan. The plan covers general evacuation, as well as information about what to do in the event of other the specific emergency situations. A copy of this Plan is kept in the Matson lab safety notebook kept just inside the hallway door in Room 354. The most current copy of the Plan can be found on the EH&S web site. (See: http://www.stanford.edu/dept/EHS/prod/general/erprep/plans/index.html


14.1 Procedure for Evacuation Following an Alarm

1) Turn off all instruments (if circumstances permit).
2) Take your keys (car and home) since you may not be allowed to re-enter the building.
3) Exit the lab and leave the building through the nearest exit in an orderly fashion.
4) Proceed to the designated Emergency Assembly Point (EAP) for Green, the pavement area between the Press Bldg, Termin and Mitchell.
5) Report to emergency personnel or supervisor, to help establish that everyone has exited the building.

15.0 Procedure for Reporting Facilities Emergencies

To report facilities emergencies (non-life threatening) such as broken water pipes and floods call Facilities Operations at 723-2281 any time of the day or night. Fire and life-threatening emergencies should, of course, be reported by calling 9-911.

16.0 Storage of Data Files and Other Key Documents

16.1 Current Projects - Laboratory files

The most current copies of Dr. Matson's chemical laboratory data files are maintained on the lab manager's computer. These files are backed up on 1 MB Zip diskettes on a daily basis. The lab manager takes the entire backup set for the current projects home each night. Once a month an 8mm backup is made of the lab manager's hard drive (this tape is stored at Dr. Matson's residence).

16.2 Current Projects - Dr. Matson's files

Key documents are backed up on1 MB Zip diskettes on a daily basis. Dr. Matson takes the current backup disk home each night.

16.3 Completed projects - Laboratory files

Two backup copies (on 1 MB Zip diskettes) of archived files are kept at off-campus locations, one at Dr. Matson's residence, and one at the residence of the lab manager.

16.4 Completed projects - Dr. Matson's files

A backup set of completed files on 1 MB Zip diskettes is kept at Dr. Matson's residence.


17.0 About This Document

This plan is intended as a supplement to Stanford University Environmental Health and Safety Regulations and Guidelines. All personnel, post docs, and students are required to sign this laboratory operations and chemical safety plan, indicating that they have read and understand it and agree to adhere to all guidelines set forth in this lab plan. Copies of this plan (including all lab SOPs), and Dept GES safety documents mentioned herein will be kept in binders in Rooms 354 (on the shelf above the counter just through the hallway door). Please be aware that this lab safety plan is intended to be a dynamic document, i.e., it will be continuously updated as required. Lab members will receive verbal updates during scheduled lab meetings or via e-mail. All lab members are encouraged to take an active part in maintaining a safe work environment.

LAB DOORS ARE TO REMAIN LOCKED AT ALL TIMES!