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| Figure 1.8: Schematic block diagram of a graben bounded by two normal faults and underlain by a dike (Rubin and Pollard, 1988; Koenig and Pollard, 1998). The horizontal stress component induced by opening of the dike is contoured on the front view showing a stress shadow (negative, compressive stress) to either side of the dike and a stress concentration (positive, tensile stress) near the dike tips. | ||||
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